雅思考试常见语法错误大汇总
【错误一】: 动词时态和句法结构运用单一
写作: * Private schools can provide good teaching facilities and high teaching quality.
* Boarding schools can develop students’ independence and self-control.
口语: * I like swimming.
* I love computers.
* I have three computers.
【专家分析】: 许多考生不能运用丰富的时态和语法结构。这常常使得写作语句乏味单调,口语答案展开受到限制。有些考生认为只要能回答正确就能得到高分。这完全是误解了考 试的根本目的。考试的目的在于评估考生的英语水平和用英语表达自己思想的能力。即使问题是很简单的一般疑问句,考生也要尽可能运用各种时态和句型结构。不 要总是反复使用同一个句型结构。
【错误二】: 基本语法错误太多
写作: * Bad performance student easy to skip school even go astray. (错误)
* Students with bad performance are easy to skip school and even go astray. (正确)
口语: * There has three labs in our school. (错误)
* There are three labs in our school. (正确)
【专家分析】: 用复合句免不了犯语法错误,但犯最初级的错误是难以宽恕的。考生常犯的另一个相当初级的错误是 对very的误用,他们常把“I like football very much.”说成“I very like football。”此外,he 和she的混淆也常常让考官疑惑不解。考生参加口试的目的是向考官展示自己地道的口语,而出现太多的基本语法错误是不会给考官留下好印象的。
【错误三】: 用错代词
写作: * School violence is most serious problem, especially in public schools. (错误)
* School violence is the most serious problem, especially in public schools. (正确)
口语: * I ask English teacher for help. (错误) (漏加限定词)
* I ask (my/the) English teacher for help. (正确)
【专家分析】: 混淆物主代词和人称代词也常常是考生的问题所在。由于此类错误比较不容易察觉,建议要争取高分的考生注意复查。
二、英语的五种基本句型
【旁征博引】: 英语语言存在着五种基本句型结构,它们是母语为英语者的思维表达模式。换言之,学英语其实就是要学会用英语语法思维,用英语句型思维,也就是用英语句型把词汇组织起来。考生要想说好英语,就必须首先掌握好这五种基本句型并使之烂熟于心。
【句型1】: S(主语)+Vi(不及物动词)
写作: * Crimes fall significantly.
口语: * The moon shines brightly.
【句型2】: S(主语)+Vi(系动词)+C(表语)
写作: * Gang membership is primarily a juvenile problem.
口语: * He is a teacher.
【句型3】: S(主语)+ Vt(及物动词)+O(宾语)
写作: * Media violence can affect children’s health.
口语: * We study English every day.
【句型4】: S(主语)+ Vt(及物动词)+Oi(间接宾语)+Ot(直接宾语)
写作: * Community service offers wrongdoers an opportunity to correct their misconduct.
口语: * He gave me a book.
【句型5】: S(主语)+ Vt(及物动词)+ O(宾语)+Oc(宾语补足语)
写作: * Children’s inexperience and immaturity make them vulnerable to crimes.
口语: * He made his parents very happy.
【指点迷津】: 从以五大句型结构图中,可以发现英语思维形式的基本规律:
● 英语语句必须“主谓分明,主从分明”;
● 英语语句必须要用“主语思维”,没有主语,不成句子;汉语语句却可以存在大量“无主句”;
● 英语语句必须要用“谓语动词思维”,没有谓语,不成句子;英语通过动词形式的时态屈折变化来表现事物发展变化的规律,而汉语语句的谓语却可以由形容词、介词短语等非动词形式充当;
● 英语语句必须区分“动词谓语形式”与“动词非谓语形式”的各种屈折变化形式;汉语语句却几乎没有词的屈折变化。