雅思作文：解读写作评分标准

谢振礼老师解读新托福写作评分标准

TOEFL iBT Independent Writing Rubrics
Test of Written English (TWE): 2008 ETS
Scoring Standards and Task Description
As Explained by Jeenn Lee Hsieh 2012
OWL--TOEFL iBT Online Writing Lab
抗议指错 ielts360toefl@hotmail.com

#新托福独立写作评分标准：

0》托福己级零》计划在独立写作测验中吃鸭蛋的托福候选人必须有莫名其妙的幽默感，平常人做不到。零分的得主可能要耍如此耍宝：

--把试题抄一遍之外，其它则无所作为。

--拒绝回答真题，或者自己出题考自己（完全与试题无关）。

--不用英文写作答题（譬如用汉语写作）。

--利用键盘字符标点搞笑。

--交白卷。

1》托福戊级一》一级新手菜鸟，拒绝吃鸭蛋。作品具有严重的缺陷：

--或胡言乱语，或沉默寡言。

--毫无细节可言，全然风马牛不相及，缺乏答题。

--要命的句子错误频频。既不会造句又不知用法。

2》托福丁级二》二级写作低杆，暴露若干弱点：

--文章的发展极为有限，等于漠视考题和答题工作。

--结构没有组织，要点没有连贯。

--举例，说明，细节--不恰当，也不充分，所以缺少全面答题。

--显然地看得出来--用字不当，词类荒唐。

--句子的结构和用法--错误层出不穷。

3》托福丙级三》三级鹦鹉，平平凡凡，毛病还不少：

--做到一定程度的审题和答题，无奈没有完全做到提出说明，例子，细节。

--能够展示文章的同一，发展，连贯，偶尔却出现不清楚的要点连接。

--句型和用字的表现，时好时坏，结果全文不够明朗，含义模糊。

--使用句子和词汇的情况还算可以，不过范围很有限。

4》托福乙级四》四级写作牛人，大体上已经完成以下工作：

--试题搞得很明了，答题也表现不错，不过有些要点交代不清。

--总体而言，文章的组织与发展说得过去，因为说明恰当又充分。

--足以表现文章的同一，进展，连贯，可是偶尔难免冗词，离题，连接不良。

--英语熟练，使用句型有变化，字汇范围宽广，偶尔却有显而易见的错误：如结构，词类，修辞。

5》托福甲级五》五级写手达人，大部分完成答题工作：

--有效率的针对试题而全面答题。

--文章的结构与发展，可圈可点，全然对于解释，余力，细节，都有所交代。

--有表现文章的同一，进展，连贯。

--使用英语灵活，句型有变化，用字很适当，语言够地道，但还是有无关痛痒的字汇和文法小毛病。

#猫头鹰闲话几句：

满分的标准就是写作培训的方向。在独立写作单项，托福和雅思的高分标准并无两样，其亮点不外乎是全面答题，逻辑连贯，字汇灵活，修辞句型。暗藏的要领是英语造句与逻辑论证。

作文方面：主题有焦点，结构有组织，内容有支持。

英文方面：修辞的效率，句型的变换，字汇的恰当。

#引用ETS写作评分标准原文：

》甲级 Score 5
26-28-30
>An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:
*effectively addresses the topic and task.
*is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details.
*displays unity, progression, and coherence.
*displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors.
 
 
》乙级 Score 4
20-22-24
>An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:
*addresses the topic and task well, though some points may not be fully elaborated.
*is generally well organized and well developed, using appropriate and sufficient explanations, exemplifications, and/or details.
*displays unity, progression, and coherence, though it may contain occasional redundancy, digression, or unclear connections.
*displays facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety and range of vocabulary, though it will probably have occasional noticeable minor errors in structure, word form, or use of idiomatic language that do not interfere with meaning.
 
》丙级 Score 3
14-16-18
>An essay at this level is marked by one or more of the following:
*addresses the topic and task using somewhat developed explanations, exemplifications, and/or details.
*displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured.
*may demonstrate inconsistent facility in sentence formation and word choice that may result in lack of clarity and occasionally obscure meaning.
*may display accurate but limited range of syntactic structures and vocabulary.
 
》丁级 Score 2
8-10-12
>An essay at this level may reveal one or more of the following weaknesses:
*limited development in response to the topic and task.
*inadequate organization or connection of ideas.
*inappropriate or insufficient exemplifications, explanations, or details to support or illustrate generalizations in response to the task.
*a noticeable inappropriate choice of words or word forms.
*an accumulated inappropriate of errors in sentence structure and/or usage.
 
》戊级 Score 1
2-4-6
>An essay at this level is seriously flawed by one or more of the following weaknesses:
*serious disorganization or underdevelopment.
*little or no detail, or irrelevant specifics, or questionable responsiveness to the task.
*serious and frequent errors in sentence structure or usage.
 
》己级 Score 0
0-0-0
>An essay at this level:
*merely copies words from the topic, rejects the topic, or is otherwise not connected to the topic.
*is written in a foreign language.
*consists of keystroke characters.
*or is blank.