雅思听力的提高离不开平时的练习,但是练习也是要讲究方法的,不能盲目。出国留学网雅思栏目为大家带来如何准确定位雅思听力关键词,希望能帮到大家哦!
如何准确定位雅思听力关键词
一、句式间的转变
句式间的转变,顾名思义,指的是题目中看到的句式与音频中听到的句式发生了转变,句子结构的改变导致关键词在句子中的位置发生了变动,主要包括陈述句与疑问句的转变、被动句与主动句的转变。
题目:
The metalindustry was established at Riverside Village by local craftsmen who livedin the area. (C4T1S2 Q12)
原文:
At thattime, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here, onthe bend in the river.
解析:通过对比题目与原文我们不难发现,出题者通过被动句与主动句的转变,巧妙地将原本出现在空格前面的关键词metal industry的同义词iron forge及established的同义词built放置在了答案local craftsmen的后面,再加上不熟悉的同义转化,大大地提升了难度。
题目:
Undiscoveredmaterials may be damaged by fires. (C7T1S4 Q38)
原文:
And certainlydon't make fires, however romantic it may seem. It's really dangerous in dry areas.And you can easily burn undiscovered priceless materials by doing so.
解析:同上述例子类似,题目中的被动句在音频中被换成了主动句,导致关键词后置。
应对策略:加强对题目中的被动句的熟悉度,分析空格所填的词性及大致内容,听题时加强对主动句的敏感度和理解力。
题目:
The presentationwill not be assessed. (C7T4S3 Q22)
原文:
-Is thisone going to be assessed?
-No, notthis time round.
解析:通过对比题目与原文我们不难发现,出题者通过陈述句与疑问句的转变,同样巧妙地将关键词not放置在答案的后面。
应对策略:这类题一般出现在对话场景较多,注意把握对话中提问者与回答者的说话节奏,同时注意语气的变化、转折词、强调词及否定词。
二、代词所指代的含义
代词所指代的含义导致关键词后置指的是当听到关键词时,关键词所在的名词主语被换成了代词,导致无法回忆前面所讲的内容。主要包括人称代词、指示代词、关系代词。其中,常见的人称代词有you, we, us, they, he, him, she, her,them等。常见的指示代词有this, that, these, those等。常见的关系代词有which, that, whose, where,when等。
题目:
A problemwith Asian Honey Bees is that they _________ (C8T2S3 Q22)
A. attacknative bees.
B. carryparasites.
C. damagecrops.
原文:
-What'swrong with Asian Honey Bees? Are they so different from Australian bees?
-Well,in fact, they look almost the same, but they are infested with mites- microscopiccreatures which live on them, and which can seriously damage our own home-grownbees or could even wipe them out.
解析:当听到题目中的关键词problem的同义词wrong后,如果没有听懂but they are infested with mites, 则会把重点放在下一句话which can seriously damageour own home-grown bees, 由于没有听到或不理解关系代词which所指代的含义,从而掉入陷阱选项A中。
应对策略:加强对音频中的人称代词的敏感度,理解人称代词所指代的含义。
题目:
Ask yourtutor to arrange a password with the technical support team. (C6T1S3 Q25)
原文:
Your tutorwill need to arrange with the technical support team for you to get a password,so ask him or her about it when you start the course.
解析:当听到空格后面的关键词password, technical supportteam后,考生会努力回忆之前所讲的内容,可能无法回忆,然后又听到了另一关键词ask, 可惜ask后面没有说your tutor, 而是用了人称代词的宾格him or her, 从而导致更加无法回忆之前所讲的内容。
应对策略:多做长句子的复述练习,培养瞬间记忆力和理解力。
三、介词短语在句子中的位置的变动
题目:
Wise menmay have been trying to control wild animals with magic. (C7T1S4 Q35)
原文:
They believed they could usemagic to control the animals they had drawn.
解析:在题目中充当状语成分的介词短语with___被音频中充当宾语从句的they could use___所替换,导致关键词animals后置。
应对策略:注意介词短语在句子中的位置及所充当的成分,加强对介词短语在音频中对应的同义结构及位置的熟悉。
四、定语后置
题目:
Excellent_______. (C5T3S3 Q30)
原文:
I thoughtstudent support was excellent.
解析:题目中位于空格前面的定语excellent, 在音频中却出现在空格的后面,可能会导致无法回忆答案的情况。
应对策略:提升对题目的预判能力,加强对定语或其同义词的敏感度。
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