以下为集团开会时国外考试部提供的资料，供各位学员参考：
Space Research
Pros:
1. The oldest and purest of the arguments for space exploration is the advancement of science and technology.
2. We will go into space, not to bring back things which make us richer or more comfortable here on Earth. We will go there to live and make it our home.
3. The exploration to the universe is a high ideal –space truly is the final frontier .
4. The instinct to explore is fundamentally human; already some of our most amazing achievements have taken place in space.
5. No one can deny the sense of wonder.
6. The exploitation of space has directly changed our world. Satellites orbiting the Earth allow us to communicate instantaneously with people on different continents, and to broadcast to people all over the world.
7. Weather satellites save lives by giving advance warning of adverse conditions, and together with other scientific instruments in orbit they have helped us understand our own world better.
8. Space exploration is an investment in the future. Our world is rapidly running out of resources. Overpopulation could become a serious worldwide threat.
9. Space exploration open us new world and adds to our knowledge, enabling human being to know more about the universe as well as about the earth.
10. Space exploration helps to acquire new resources to mitigate the energy crisis (shortage). There may be some new kinds of natural resource in other planets.
11. Space exploration may find new living places for human being to solve the problem of overpopulation. There is possibility that one day mankind may emigrate to other planets.
12. Space exploration is necessary for future. If we want to progress in the world then we should continue space exploration.
Pros and Cons of Tourism
Pros:
1. It is regarded as a pillar of key local economic development.
2. The booming tourist industry has created more job openings. Many people have said good-bye to poverty through involvement in tourist businesses.
3. The tourist industry has played a positive role in meeting the cultural needs of the public, carrying forward national culture and achieving the sustainable development of resources.
4. Tourism helps to better introduce the country to foreigners and showcase the brilliant history and culture to the outside world.
5. Tourism helps to improve the investment environment so as to attract more foreign investors.
6. Tourists can take pleasure in the magnificent natural landscape, appreciate the superior workmanship of ancient artists and enjoy a variety of local delicacies (specialties). Many tourist attractions offer a wealth of historical relics, fascinating scenery and interesting local culture.
7. Tourism helps to promote the catering trade, transportation service and commerce .
8. Tourism is the world’s largest and faster growing industry. According to recent statistics, tourism provides 10 percent of the world’s income and employs almost one-tenth of world’s workforce. By the year 2010, these numbers will double. All considered, tourism’s actual and potential economic impact is astounding.
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9. Tourism encourages the preservation of identify, pride and value in our living conditions and the cultural legacy of generations in danger of extinction.
10. Tourism contributes to the revival of customs and traditions.
11. Tourism brings new money into an area and generates jobs, income and tax revenues.
Cons:
1. Contact with and assimilation of other cultures will reduce the uniqueness of one’s own culture and make the world less colorful than before.
2. Undermine local traditions and ways of life.
3. Tourism may cause serious environmental pollution.
Museums and Galleries
Purposes:
1. Museum and related heritage institutions provide people with an enhanced awareness of our diverse heritage and our place in the world. They promote understanding and appreciation of our diverse cultures, landscapes, stories and experiences.
2. Museums contribute to the enrichment of the lives of people.
3. Guarantee the availability and use of the collections in research and teaching.
4. Collections and exhibitions reflect the cultural and social diversity.
5. Museums and galleries make an important contribution to education, scholarship, citizenship , social inclusion and tourism.
6. Generally promote the public’s enjoyment and understanding of painting and other fine art both by means of the collection and by such other means as they consider appropriate .
How to Support and Develop the Museum and Gallery:
1. The government sets up more state funded museums and art school.
2. Increase education personnel and facilities in museums and galleries, as well as support schools with the cost of visits.
3. We should actively seek to attract additional sources of funding in order to increase the total pool of money available.
4. Museums should be taken to raise standards of collection care or management.
5. The government should refund those museum and galleries which offer free admissions to the public.
6. Seek the financial support of corporations , non-profit foundations and individuals who share its goal of preserving the cultural legacy of the museums.
TV and Films
Positive Side:
1. Television is one of the most important forms of entertainment and communication.
2. Television has the power to educate and to entertain.
3. There is probably no greater influence on society than the television, which has saturated our lives.
4. Children watch TV to receive the daily news.
5. TV plays a big role in a child’s life. It teaches them new words and shows them things they have never seen before.
6. The TV was brought in to our world to give us a new sense of entertainment, world news and endless amounts of information.
7. Television can also promote pro-social behavior.
8. Television can exert its strongest pro-social influence in the area of learning and cognitive development.
Negative Side:
1. A child who often indulges in TV doesn’t know the difference between reality and fantasy .
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2. Children have undeveloped minds, which can not conceive the information the same way that adults do.
3. Given our national television habit, it is no surprise that we are raising the most sedentary and most overweight generation of youngsters in history.
4. The health consequences of this overabundance of TV viewing include an increase in obesity among kids due to a sedentary lifestyle, and the flip side, an increase in dieting disorders due to the unrealistic expectations set up by thin actors on television shows and commercials.
Advertising
For:
1. Advertising promotes and popularizes new products and give people everywhere the maximum choice of products and choice.
2. Some advertisements are of high artistic value, original and well-designed with vivid pictures and witty language, artistic photography and witty slogan ; therefore they add to the beauty of our lives. They are a par indispensable to modern society.
3. Advertising brings convenience to people’s lives.
4. Advertising plays an important role in our economic life and is indispensable to the consumer society.
5. It is a kind of visual enjoyment to look at some witty works of advertising which add beauty to the cityscape .
Against:
1. Some leaflets and handouts are scattered here and there, polluting the environment. They are regarded as rubbish and a blemish on the landscape of the city. They disfigure our cities,
2. Advertisements are not always truthful, and a product is often misrepresented , false and deceptive . Many advertisements are fictitious , exaggerating, misleading and flying in the face of truth.
3. Advertisements are an insidious form of brainwashing. Some are mislead and tend to induce people to spend more and create demand for things we do not need.
4. It is very disturbing that TV programs are interrupted by advertisements, and mailboxes are stuffed with rubbish. Nuisance to TV viewers: constant interruption spoils the viewing. We can do nothing but accept it passively.
Will Computers Replace Human Teachers?
1. Computers are cold impersonal devices and they relate to children as though they are machines—without love, care, or feeling.
2. Children who use computers will learn to communicate with machines instead of people. There is a risk we will create a generation of social illiterates. There is some truth to the stereotypical “computer nerd”.
3. Teacher-directed learning is underpinned by personal awareness and a focus on students. IT-directed focus is impersonal.
4. Within a class of 25 children, there may be 25 variables. These variables are understood by teachers but not by computer-generated and controlled programs.
5. Classroom teachers become aware of student learning difficulties and foibles.
6. Computers present programs that can not be accommodated. Personalized shifts do not happen.
7. Computer-generated learning places all students in the group onto the same program, at the same point, progressing them as a collective. Individual differences are not recognized.
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8. Having a teacher in the classroom poses many opportunities for the students to learn life’s basics.
9. Having physical teachers in the classrooms is advantageous because they can teach personal interaction, reading, and teamwork. And computer cannot teach these things.
10. There can be confusion between reality and fantasy, between fact and myth
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