对于雅思阅读来说,掌握好的阅读方法是提高雅思阅读成绩的关键,那么接下来就和出国留学网来看看2020年雅思阅读考试有哪些高分技巧?
阅读方式
意群阅读(Reading in thought groups)
一个好的阅读者在阅读过程中眼睛的移动是从一个意群到另一个意群;而普通阅读者阅读时眼睛从一个单词移动到另一个单词。避免把一个单词读出来,即使在脑子里读出一个单词而不出声也很浪费时间。
E.g. (The little boy Johnie ) (had been up) (with a packet of mints) (and said) (he wouldn’t go out to play) (until the post had come.)
运用上下文的线索理解生词 (using context clues for word meanings)
线索1:定义
a. The harbor is protected by a jetty-a wall built out into the water.
b. Jane is indecisive, that is, she can’t make up her mind.
线索2:重述
a. He had a wan look. He was so pale and weak that we thought he was ill.
b. I am a resolute man. Once I set up a goal, I won’t give it up easily.
线索3:普遍知识
a. The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.
b. Mark got on the motorbike, I sat behind him on the pillion, and we roared off into the night.
线索4:相关信息
a. Just before the exam Carl’s hands shook and sweated so much that he could not hold a pen. His heart beat fast and his stomach ached, even though he knew the subject very well. He really had a strange phobia about taking tests.
线索5:例子
a. Select any of these periodicals: Time, Newsweek, Reader’s Digest or the New Yorker.
b. She is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye.
线索6:比较
a. Jane was talking with others while Eliza remained reticent all the time.
线索7:比喻
a. The hot-air balloon took off. It was as buoyant in the air as a cork in water.
线索8:构词知识
un-, im-,-less, -ness, -ion, -ist
寻找主题句,掌握段落主要思想。(look for the topic sentence and master the main idea)
主题句的位置可以在句首,句中或句末。但在句首的比例通常达到50%-60%,句末是主题句的可能性为30%左右。
细读(scanning)
在寻找某些具体信息时,阅读者需要仔细阅读,定位自己所要的信息。这是雅思考试中运用最多的阅读技能,对考生寻找答案的位置非常重要。
识别逻辑词 (recognizing signal words)
逻辑词表达前后句子的某种逻辑关系。通常有5种逻辑关系词。这些词对考生写作也很有帮助。关于更多逻辑词的介绍可以参看51雅思网的阅读频道的其他文章。
并列关系:
and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example,
转折关系:
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of , nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite
顺序关系:
first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next
因果关系:
as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so ,therefore, as since, consequently
归纳总结:
as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in shout, thus, consequently, in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word
略读 (skimming)
当读者面对大量文字时,用普通的速度和方法会使读者阅读速度造成影响。阅读者必须具备略读的技能,从纷杂的文字中提取重要信息。略读和细读在雅思阅读中的交叉运用,相得益彰,是考生必胜的法宝。
做题顺序
在备考雅思阅读考试时,多数考生存在这样一个误区,即三篇文章的难易程度是递增的,因而在考试时,如果时间不够的话就不怎么管第三篇文章了,把前两篇文章做完并做对就已经不错了。其实,这是一种非常错误的观念。因为阅读文章的难易程度不是由易到难的,而是随机的。具体先做哪一篇,考生还是要理性地分析。
实际上,既然雅思阅读文章有题材考察与题型考察之分,那么考生其实就可以从这两个角度进行分析,看看自己究竟适合先做哪一篇。
从雅思阅读题材角度来看:
雅思阅读文章通常分为生物,地理和社会科学三大类,不同类别包含的内容繁多,考生要熟悉了解。比如生物类题材是常考题材之一,常常涉及到动物的生活习性,基因研究,器官研究等。地理类题材有一定难度,所涉及的专业知识较多,范围也很广泛,如气象预测,沙漠化之类的。社会类题材可以说是一个比较大的范畴,包含众多小的分支,如教育,历史,考古等等。
当考生拿过试卷后,要将三篇文章的主标题,副标题,插图以及第一句话全部浏览后,选择一篇从题材上自己比较熟悉和了解的文章先做,毕竟这样的文章背景知识和专有名词对于考生来说是相对熟悉的,做起题来就会容易一些。
从雅思阅读题型角度来看:
在雅思阅读考试中,如果考生对于三篇文章背景知识的掌握程度差不多的话,就可以在浏览完三篇文章所涉及到的所有题型之后,就可以选择一篇从题型上自己比较拿手的文章先做。
雅思阅读题型主要有八种,即list of headings,complete the sentences,answer short questions,picture filling,summary,multiple choices,matching,true or false or not given。不同题型的难易也会不同,比如list of headings也就是标题对应题,这类题型无需定位,但需要对文章大体的内容有一定理解,难度系数两颗星; matching因果配对无出题规律,定位也比较复杂,难度系数三颗星;true or false or not given定位相对简单,但是往往在判断时容易失误,难度系数两颗星。
总而言之,考生要根据自己对不同题材和题型的掌握程度来决定雅思阅读文章先做哪一篇,也就是要合理安排做题顺序,这样才会高效完成任务。另外,考生在打好基础之后在平时最好能够按照实际的阅读考试时间来做题,检测一下自己是否能够在规定时间内做完所有题目,并找出不足之处加以改进。希望考生们取得满意的雅思成绩。
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