雅思阅读：三种替换考点词介绍
2012-09-12 09:34:00
1.rigid/stiff/unchanged/little change 僵硬的，一成不变的
2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial
3.approximately 将近 nearly, almost
4.proportion/percentage 比例
5.be involved (in)/involve in/involvement[n.] 涉及，卷入，参与
6.given/considering , in regard to/despite/although 有鉴于
考虑到，尽管
6.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/inductive [n] 归纳 (deduce/deductive推断)
7.fortune/destiny/chances
8.deplete开采完，耗尽/exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气)排放/exploit
9.complex 错综复杂的/complicated/sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的
10.capacity能力，容量/competence (竞争)能力/ability 能力(笼统的)
11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ensure (insure)/guarantee 押金
12.solely/merely/only
13.a vast arrayof 系列/a great variety of 花样，品种/a great rang 系列 of
14.pesticide 杀虫/suicide 自杀/homicide/murder杀人
15.believe/assume (responsibility)/suppose
16.授权，委百家乐怎么玩托：authorize/commission 佣金/entitle 头衔 + ment =right (权利)
17.purchase/buy
18. ethnic 种族的/ethic 伦理，道德的 + s =[n.]
19. modify/change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]
20. insight/knowledge/learning/understanding/knowing
21.constrain拘泥，限制/restrict 限制/limit
22. circumstance 环境(社会 )/surroundings/environment 环境( 环保 )背景 background 后台/settings后台，布景/context 上下文( 文章中 )
23.notorious 臭名昭著的/flagrant臭的 fragrant 香的
24.移民：immigrant (进来)/emigrant(出去)/migrant
25.兴旺，繁荣;prosperous/thriving/booming(人口，行业)/flourishing
26.神圣的：divine/heavenly/holy/sacred
27.有毒的：poisonous/toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的)
28.致命的：deadly/fatal/lethal/mortal
29.类似于：look like/resemble
30. chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term 长期的
31.网恋：virtual love/cyberlove
32.网友：on-line /net/cyber friend
上网(聊天)chat on line/go on-line cyber café/网吧
33.evolve-evolution 进化/revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/involve-involution 卷入，涉及
34. indicator/predictor表示诠释，预测
35.indicate/demonstrate/display/exhibit/betray
36. therapist /expert/specialist
37. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/merit/virtue/length
38. commonest/frequent
39. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/underdeveloped
40. 退化：degenerate/-tion [n] ->generate 生产，制造/degrade-> grade 等级/deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下
41. 分类：category-categorize/class-classify
42. consequence后果->影响/subsequence紧跟其后/sequence=order秩序/frequency频率
43.clash 冲突(民族，种族)/crash 飞机坠毁
44.substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace
45.alternative=>选择性，代替性，辅助性
46.孤立：isolate/alienate/insulate隔绝， 排外，孤立->be aliento/insulate (-ior) 绝缘，隔热(体)
47.缺点，不足之处：defect/flaw/failing/disadvantage/drawback
48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/innovative (-tion)/creative(-tion)/ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) => [n] creative/revolutionary
·易错拼写：environment/convenient
49.neutral中立的，中性的 /negative否定，消极，阴性的 /positive 肯定，积极，阳性的
50.ambiguous->ambiguity模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure
51.communicate 沟通，传达，通报
52.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adaptto 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠
53.commitment to sth 奉献 2 责任,义务
54.contribute to导致 result in /account for (占据)导致
54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/insufficient/deficient/lack (of)/short (of)
55.强调：emphasize/stress/highlight/focus on/concentrate on
明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently 道貌岸然的/obviously =>evidently
56.对…怀疑：(be) /skeptical/skeptical /dubious/suspicious(about/of)
57.缺点，缺陷：drawback/fault/defect/imperfection/failing/weakness/shortcoming/flaw
58.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/flagrant/smelly/odorous
59.机构，组织：association/structure/organization
60.超过：exceed/surpass
61.岩浆：molten rock/lava/magma
62.语言：linguist 语言学家/lingual 和语言有关的/bilingual/ 双语
63.多种多样的：diversity/variety/breed/species
breed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成
64.dialect方言 accent腔调
65.开始的，初步的：begin/launch/initial (-ly) [v]首字母，开始的/initiate开始，发动->initiative原创性= origin
66.贫穷：poor/in poverty/impoverished( 被剥夺财产的)
67.杰出：eminence (-t)/prominence (-t)/unusual
68.gene/genetic defect ~缺陷/anatomy解剖/conceive构思，怀孕/deliver分娩
69.辅助性：alternative 补充性/therapist
70.演绎，推理：deduce->deductive/inferential induce 引导，引入，归纳-> induction 归纳
71.令人困惑的：bewildering/puzzling/perplexing
72.apply：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于
73.subsidize辅助/subsidy 补助，补贴/subsidiary
74.a factor in sth/depend on sth
75.be preferred by/choice
76.attitude to/how
77.the present century/modern society
78.broad/great
79.in term of 按照，在…方面，关于/with regard to, in spite of 不顾，尽管
80. small-scale 小范围/marginal 边缘处的
81. physical/medical
82. negotiation/agreement 谈判，洽谈/商定，协议
83.evolve/develop来源：
84.apartment/accommodation 公寓/住房
85.virtual (love)/simulate 模拟的(网恋)/模拟
86.catastrophe/disaster 大灾难/灾难，不幸
87.innovate/invent 革新，创新/发明，创造
sculpture/craft 雕刻，雕塑/工艺
88.exorbitant/expensive 过度的，极高的/费用大的，昂贵的
89. be participant in/take part in /participate in
90.labour [美，澳]/work
91.attend to/take care of
92.dualemployment/dual-worker 双职工(家庭)
93.indicate/predict 指示，表明，象征/预料，预言
A major contributor to/be central to 来源，起点/是…的主要，中心原因
94.expert/therapist 专家，能手;知识丰富的/某个专科的专家
95.lead to/be associated with 相联系(带来…的好处)
96.balanced/equitable 平等的
97.handicap/disabled/primitive残疾的，落后的
98. could not-and cannot/has always been unable to
by/from
99.benefit/advantage
100.substantial influence/greater likelihood
101.agree on/define
102.considered desirable/effectiveness
103.masquerade/(in) disguise 伪装
104.insignificant/didn’t seriously 不重要/不严重的
105.inspect/examine审核,检查
106.caliber/criterion 标准
107.no-one know >< notorious 无人知晓><臭名昭著的
108.dissatisfy/argue 不满意/厌恶，讨厌
109.pessimism/negative/blue>< optimistic 悲观的，忧郁的>< 乐观的
110.unsatisfactory/hardly be looked upon
111.identify/define
112.turn… into/become
113.urban/rural/suburban
114.demolish/knock down/dismantle毁坏，拆毁(建筑物)/敲，打
115.migration/move 迁移/移动
116.pay/charge sb for 向某人…猛攻，充电，负责，付费，控诉
117.separate/split 分开，使隔绝，提取/分，劈开
118.fascination/attraction(-e:[v]) 迷住，吸引住
119.not require/unnecessary 不需要/不必要
120.decode/decipher 译解(密码)，解释
121.delay/drawback= disadvantage 耽误，延迟/欠缺，弊端
122.association/organization 机构，关联/组织
123.recent/current/nowadays/present 最近的/现代的/当今的/现在
124.intensive burst/explosive release 强烈的爆发/爆炸性的释放
125.recognized/identified 承认，识别，认可/识别，鉴别
126.aim to/focuson 针对，目标，打算/集中
127.link…to/lead to 连接/导致，通向
128. inadequate(diet)/deficiency(in trace minerals) 不充分，不适当的/缺乏，不足
129.basic/fundamental 基础的，基本的
130.seize/catch 捕捉，抓住
131.fatal/lethal 致命的
132.success on/running on 成功
133.costly/be related by 有关系的
134.be obtained in/be derived in 获得，流行，通用/由…产生，起源于
135.high-income/wealthy 高收入的/富裕的
136.be alike/be similarto 相同的，相似的
137.indicate/show 显示，指出，象征
138. eliminate/lessen ><消除/减少
139. not risen significantly/stagnate 停滞不前的
140.salary/wage 工资：总称/蓝领的
141.create/gain 创造，造成/获得，增加
efficiently/increased productivity 有效率的/上升的生产率
142.economy/financial 经济
143.administration/management
144.(be) sympathetic/understand 同情的，赞同/理解
145.introduce/involve 引入/卷入
146.change/different
147.die>< exist 死亡><存在
148.almost/approximately
149.be out of date/be developed
150.solve/reduce 减少
151.famous/eminent
152.barrier/ hurdle
153.higher position/top post
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